Iron-barium glaze was prepared from commercially available materials for ceramic arts and from chemical reagents, and investigated by means of Mossbauer spectroscopy and an electron probe micro analyzer (EPMA). Mossbauer spectra showed a doublet of paramagnetic high-spin Fe(II) and Fe(III) incorporated into aluminosilicate, and the magnetically-split hyperfine structures of hematite and magnetite, depending on the iron content and firing conditions. The EPMA indicated striped patterns on the secondary electron images, and the fluorescent X-ray analysis proved that the patterns are due to the heterogeneous distribution of elements in the glaze.