AbstractA total of 303 infants with esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula were treated over 10 years (1980–1989). The overall survival rate was 86.5%. Associated anomalies were identified in 51.8% of patients, the most common being cardiac malformations which affected 24.4% of infants and was responsible for the majority of deaths. The dramatic increase in survival of infants with esophageal atresia in the past half century is due to improvements in pre‐ and postoperative management, meticulous operative technique to reduce anastomotic complications, and aggressive treatment of associated congenital anomalies.