Being part of a larger investigation concerning forms and intensity of competition in the Austrian economy this paper deals with the characteristics of market structure and pricing behaviour in the industrial sector. Mainly based on a detailed questionnaire this study is representative for the group of larger Austrian industrial enterprises (sales of more than 100 Mill. AS) which produced more than two thirds of total industrial ouput. According to this study the dominant market structure of the Austrian industry is that of a close oligopoly. The subjective estimation of the price elasticity of demand by the firms participating in our survey was generally very pessimistic, being the lower the larger the market share of the respective firm.