This article proposes a framework for assessing how human service delivery systems function. It permits the identification of those factors that influence the ability of agencies to operate as a unified system as this affects their ability to match client needs with available services. As a result of applying this framework, it is possible to obtain an accurate picture of how services are delivered to target populations, to uncover the reasons why various systems function as they do, and to use this information as a basis for developing strategies to affect system change.