Granular cells can occur in various odontogenic and non-odontogenic tumours. 5 granular cell lesions, one granular cell ameloblastoma, one so-called granular cell ameloblastic fibroma and three granular cell tumours were examined immunohistochemically for the intermediate filaments cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, neurofilaments and the neural markers NSE and S-100 protein. The granular cell tumors (granular cell myoblastoma) showed positive staining for vimentin and S-100 protein. Only vimentin could be demonstrated in the granular cells of the so-called granular cell ameloblastic fibroma, whereas the granular cell ameloblastoma showed positive staining only for cytokeratin. A positive reaction with S-100 protein was not found in any of the odontogenic tumours. In our opinion the mesenchymal odontogenic granular cell is a fibroblast, whereas the epithelial granular cell is derived from enamel epithelium. The term "granular cell ameloblastic fibroma" is a misnomer, as a number of these tumours are probably central odontogenic fibromas exhibiting granular cell transformation.