1. Thermomechanical treatment combined with cold rolling (PTMT) of pipes made of 30KhGSA steel increases the strength by 30–50 kg/mm2 and the yield point by 20–35 kg/mm2 with tempering at 100–400°C. 2. Neither the size nor the shape of the austenitic grains is the determining factor in hardening the steel by thermomechanical treatment. 3. After intermediate tempering, quenching, and a second tempering at 100–300°C, the mechanical properties of cold-rolled pipe are better and the austenitic grains finer than after quenching and tempering alone. Apparently, this is explained by the development of polygonization during intermediate tempering, which then determines the increase of the threshold of recrystallization during repeated heating for quenching. 4. The degree of hardening resulting from thermomechanical treatment is affected essentially by the carbon content of the steel and the wall thickness of the pipe.