Lifetime menstrual activity ? Indicator of breast cancer risk
Copyright policy )Lifetime menstrual activity ? Indicator of breast cancer risk
A case-control study of 67 cases of breast cancer and 157 controls was conducted to investigate the role of different behavioral, reproductive, and hormonal factors and to develop a unifying indicator of breast cancer risk. The results confirm previous reports of the influence of smoking on the risk of breast cancer. Age at menarche was found to be a risk factor among the premenopausal women. Late age at menopause was suggestive of an increase in risk. Long use of oral contraceptive or estrogen supplementation were risk-enhancing both pre- and postmenopausally. Lifetime duration of menstrual activity (LMA) combines age at menarche and menopause, parity, and lactation into a biologically plausible model. Our findings concerning LMA support its role as a determinant of breast cancer.
- National Institute of Health Pakistan
- National Cancer Institute United States
Adult, Time Factors, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Smoking, Age Factors, Breast Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Menstruation, Logistic Models, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Female, Menopause, Finland, Aged, Contraceptives, Oral
Adult, Time Factors, Estrogen Replacement Therapy, Smoking, Age Factors, Breast Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Menstruation, Logistic Models, Risk Factors, Case-Control Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Female, Menopause, Finland, Aged, Contraceptives, Oral
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