The inheritance of seed colour was investigated in the progenies of crosses between seven yellow seeded forms and a brown seeded one of turnip rape (Brassica campestris L.). Seed colour differences were found to be determined in each case by one or two genes with epistatic effect. Moreover, independent inheritance of hilum colour was observed. Seed colour was predominantly but not completely determined by the maternal parent. In total, two genes for seed colour with epistatic (Br 1 br 1; Br 6 br 6) and four with hypostatic effect (Br 3 br 3; Br 4 br 4; Br 5 br 5; Br 7 br 7) as well as one gene for hilum colour (Br 8 br 8) were distinguished. Two alleles for yellow seed colour (br 1 (1) and br 1 (2) ) were present in the locus Br 1 br 1, whereas in the locus Br 6 br 6 one allele was found for yellow seed colour (br 6 (1) ) and another for light hilum colour (br 6 (2) ). The possibilities of multiple allelism are discussed.