Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in cases of uveitis can be used for diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes. Generally accepted indications for diagnostic PPV include atypical uveitis that responds poorly to conventional therapy, suspected infectious endophthalmitis, or suspected intraocular malignancy. Therapeutic indications of vitrectomy include clearing media haze, treating macular abnormalities, treating associated retinal detachment, managing problems with intraocular pressure, and to manage parasitic infestations of the eye.