In September 2015, the United Nations (UN) proposed Agenda 2030, an ambitious initiative to end poverty, combat climate change, and fight injustice and inequality over the next 15 years. Agenda 2030 promises a better future for all by setting out 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) that the Member States of countries all over the world have committed to achieving. These goals cover a range of different topics—from ending poverty, improving healthcare, and building more inclusive and sustainable cities, to reducing the impacts of climate change (Fig. 4.1). The goals were adopted by all Member States of the UN formally in 2015 (September 25–27, 2015; at the 70th anniversary of the UN), and were effective from 1st January 2016 for the period 2016–2030.