After the dramatic improvement of multiple sclerosis patients reported by Cook and Weinstein (1973), spinal cord stimulation (SCS) for the relief of spasticity and motor dyskinesias has been applied to a large number of patients. However, the overall effectiveness of this treatment has been a subject of considerable debate, some authors even reaching the conclusion that the observed results can be explained in terms of a placebo effect (Rosen and Barsoum 1979). In this review we will try to answer the question which is most important from the patient’s point of view: (1) What is the effect of SCS on spasticity and accompanying motor impairment? We will also examine the data which are available with respect to the following questions which are important for the physician: (2) Is there a difference between the effect of SCS in MS patients, who have a fluctuating clinical course, and patients with other conditions, such as cerebral palsy, trauma, and cerebellar atrophies, in which the clinical course is either stabilized or progressive?