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Surface Free Energy. Surface Tension

Authors: Gerhard Czack; Gerhard Kirschstein; Wolfgang Kurtz; Frank Stein;

Surface Free Energy. Surface Tension

Abstract

The surface tension γ and the (specific) surface free energy σ of a crystal face with area A are related by γ = σ+ A•(dσ/dA) [1]. There is some confusion in the literature in properly using γ and σ; for a more recent discussion of the difference between σ and γ, see [2 to 4]. According to Kumikov and Khokonov [5], cracking, zero-creep, and field emission microscopy (FEM) studies yield values for the surface tension equal to the surface free energy, γ= σ. Inert gas bubble precipitation, grain boundary grooving, and scratch relaxation rate studies can be used to determine σ. Contact angle and multiphase equilibrium studies, on the other hand, yield γ values [5].

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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