Health Literacy is a popular term and research topic in the field of health promotion. Despite the vagueness of the concept and the high variety of definitions the underlying understanding of illness and health often remains unclear, especially the relevance of mental health. Sometimes authors refer explicitly to mental health as a state of well-being, but this component often remains underrepresented. In this article Anthony Jorm’s concept of mental health literacy is introduced and discussed with regard to its meaning for and relation to general health literacy. Common strategies to “assess” Mental Health Literacy are presented and discussed. The concept itself is critically reflected in this article and its usefulness is viewed from different perspectives.