In light of the relevance of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) for society and the serious governance challenges facing them, public corporate governance (PCG) is a crucial issue for scholars and practitioners. PCG can be defined as the legal and factual regulatory framework for control, supervision, and management of public organisations with independent economic management. This chapter outlines the basic concepts of PCG, major PCG challenges, and the potential and diffusion of public corporate governance codes. Furthermore, it shows the need for more empirical research and research perspectives for the PCG field to contribute to policy-making.