Anterior cervical decompression and interbody fusion with an internal fixation device (ACDF – anterior cervical decompression and fusion) has, for some time, been the classic treatment for cervical spondylosis, but this technique could result in accelerated degeneration of the adjacent level. It was hypothesised that this degeneration could be prevented or at least decelerated by replacing the diseased disc with a prosthesis and thus preserving motion. Over the last decades, numerous disc prostheses designs have been developed and have been approved for specific indications. The evidence available to date indicates that they help to prevent or slowdown degeneration of the adjacent disc and segment. Disc replacement can restore the physiological curvature and range of motion of the cervical vertebrae to a greater extent than other forms of treatment. Implantation of a cervical disc prosthesis consists of two fundamental steps. The first is decompression of the neural structures, for which a conventional approach via the left or right blood vessel compartment is usually taken. The second step involves thorough preparation of the site followed by secure, central placement of the implant in the prepared space.