Anterior knee pain is one of the most common orthopedic conditions, comprising a variety of distinct disorders. The causes of anterior knee pain and patellofemoral pain syndrome are discussed in this chapter. Careful evaluation of the patient can help clinicians make accurate diagnoses and guide treatments. Key concepts regarding rehabilitation and treatments of patellofemoral pain are reviewed. We also discuss the evaluation and treatment of other conditions, including iliotibial band syndrome, lateral patellofemoral compression syndrome, plica syndrome, patellar tendinopathy, and chondral lesions.