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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://doi.org/10.1...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...
Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
License: Springer TDM
Data sources: Crossref
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...
Part of book or chapter of book . 2018 . Peer-reviewed
License: Springer TDM
Data sources: Crossref
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-...
Part of book or chapter of book . 2009 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978...
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Cross-Sectional Studies

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Part of book or chapter of book , Other literature type 01 Jan 2009 English Publisher:Springer International Publishing
Authors: Bryan Kestenbaum;

doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-96644-1_5 , 10.1007/978-3-319-97433-0_4 , 10.1007/978-0-387-88433-2_4

Cross-Sectional Studies

Abstract

1. Cross-sectional studies measure the exposure and the outcome at the same time. 2. Cross-sectional studies estimate the prevalence of a disease or condition. 3. Cross-sectional studies cannot establish a temporal relationship between the exposure and the outcome.

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    selected citations
    These citations are derived from selected sources.
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    		 6
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    		 Average
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    		 Average
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    		 Average
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
6
Average
Average
Average
Related to Research communities
UArctic
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