This chapter provides an overview of the global production and sales of the automotive industry. Thus, Sect. 2.1 reports on the current global automotive market. The focus of Sect. 2.2 is on the megatrends in the automotive industry, such as tighter emission controls and the rise of electric vehicles (Sect. 2.2.1), car ownership versus mobility Sect. 2.2.2, and Chaps 5 and 8), connectivity (Sect. 2.2.3), advanced driving assistance systems (ADAS) (see Chap. 11) and autonomous driving (Sect. 2.2.4 and Chap 6), and digitalization (Sect. 2.2.5). Section 2.3 introduces the supply chain between original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and suppliers. Section 2.4 describes new players and challenges. Finally, Sect. 2.5 introduces the background of the digital transformation in the automotive industry. Section 2.6 contains a comprehensive set of questions on the challenges, while Section 2.7 includes references and suggestions for further reading.