Primary scarring (cicatricial) and non-scarring alopecias comprise a diverse group of diseases that range from very common to very rare. However, they are all challenging to treat. Goals of treatment are generally aimed at relieving symptoms, if present, and reducing clinical signs of disease activity, such as scale, erythema, or pustules. In many cases, regrowth of hair cannot be expected. However, in alopecia areata, the goal is to regrow hair and sustain it. Some forms of alopecia have spontaneous remission, making it difficult to determine whether or not a particular treatment will be consistently effective for different patients. Treatments that will be discussed in this chapter are oral antibiotics for scarring alopecias, immunomodulators and immunosuppressants for scarring alopecias and alopecia areata, and antiandrogenic treatments for androgenetic alopecia. Evidence for their use, where available, and dosing regimens will be discussed.