If we take quantum gravity to be a theory that replaces GR at high energy scales (i.e. a micro-theory of spacetime), then GR must be understood as an effective theory, meaning it is thought to be valid only at large length-scales compared to the characteristic length-scale of quantum gravity (perhaps the Planck length). The framework of effective field theory is a means of formalising this idea for a particular class of theories (field theories, including quantum field theories and field theories in condensed matter physics), under particular assumptions (including a clear separation of scales); though the term “EFT” is also used to refer to any given EFT that satisfies this framework. An EFT is typically contrasted against the higher-energy theory “underlying” it (often termed the “(more) fundamental” theory), and, when discussing emergence, will be said to be emergent from this higher-energy theory.