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Part of book or chapter of book . 2025
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https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...
Part of book or chapter of book . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
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Evaluating the Impact of Racetrack Memory Misalignment Faults on BNNs Performance

Authors: Leonard David Bereholschi; Mikail Yayla; Jian-Jia Chen; Kuan-Hsun Chen; Asif Ali Khan;

Evaluating the Impact of Racetrack Memory Misalignment Faults on BNNs Performance

Abstract

Racetrack memory (RTM) is a promising non-volatile memory (NVM) technology that offers exceptional density, power and performance benefits over other NVM and conventional memory technologies. RTM cells have the unique capability of storing hundreds of data bits per cell and are equipped with one or more access ports. However, accessing data in an RTM cell requires the data to be shifted and aligned to an access port, introducing performance and energy overheads and potentially leading to misalignment faults. A misalignment fault occurs when after the shift operation, the desired data is not properly aligned to an access port and incorrect data is read from the RTM cell. Countermeasures have been proposed to mitigate the effects of these faults on applications’ accuracy, albeit at the cost of increased overhead. There is potential to balance the trade-offs between acceptable drops in accuracy and enhancements in performance, especially in error-resilient applications such as Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs). However, there exists no tool that enables effective exploration of this design space and assess the potential trade-offs. This paper introduces NetDrift, a framework which facilitates investigation into the impact of RTM misalignment faults on BNNs accuracy at finer granularities. It enables controlled error injection in selected BNN layers with varying fault rates and simulates the impact of accumulated errors in weight tensors of several BNN models (FashionMNIST, CIFAR10, ResNet18) stored in RTM. The framework allows for tuning reliability for performance and vice versa, providing an estimate of the number of inference iterations required for a BNN model to drop below a certain lower threshold, with no protection, limited protection, and full protection, along with the associated impact on performance. The tool is openly available on Github.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average