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</script>What is in this chapter? Cellular automata are widely used models in mathematical physics and in theoretical biology. These systems start from a random state and then evolve using deterministic rules, with time being discrete. We concentrate on a specific model in this chapter. We define the initial configuration as follows. For each site in Z2 we put a 1 with probability p or a 0 with probability 1 — p. This is done independently for each site. The rules of evolution for the cellular automaton are the following. If there is 1 at a site it remains there forever. If there is a 0 at a given site and if at least one neighbor in each of the orthogonal directions is a 1 then we replace the 0 by a 1 at the next update.
| citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).  | 16 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.  | Average | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).  | Top 10% | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.  | Average | 
