The first recommendation for the development and nationwide implementation of "universally applied procedures for early identification and evaluation of hearing impairment" came in 1965 from the Babbidge Report, a report of the Advisory Committee on Education of the Deaf. Efforts have continued since this time to further reduce the age at which a child is identified as having hearing loss, with the ultimate goal that "all infants with hearing loss be identified before 3 months of age and receive intervention services initiated by 6 months of age." The Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) issued a statement in 2000 recommending universal screening for hearing loss before hospital discharge in addition to principles and guidelines for hospital and state programs [1]. Identification of newborn hearing loss is addressed in the Healthy People 2010 goals (Goal 28-11) stated as "increasing the proportion of newborns who are screened for hearing loss by age 1 month, have audiologic evaluation by age 3 months, and are enrolled in appropriate intervention services by age 6 months." [2, 3]. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. All rights reserved.