Aristotelianism or more specifically Aristotelian logic and theory of causality provide Pico’s primary mode of argumentation. Pico applies this logic to both the act of concordance (to draw together the disparate threads of different traditions), and his attempts to describe the deep structure. Sometimes the religion or theology dominates, at other times, Aristotle leads. At the macro level, Pico’s universe is predominantly a Platonic universe inflected by Aristotle. Platonism also provides the ‘divine something’ linking the more scientific Aristotelianism to religious revelation. This chapter explores Pico’s Aristotelianism in the context of his time, and his Platonism through an ongoing debate with Marsilio Ficino. It also explores Pico’s relationship to the Renaissance tradition of humanism and syncretism and finally, Pico’s use of other thinkers in the prisca theologia, particularly his fascination with the mathematical-mysticism of Pythagoras.