Thoracic incisions may also offer exposure and to other anatomic cavities or spaces apart the thoracic cavity. This is not the case with other incisions, like an abdominal midline incision which offers limited access only to the abdominal cavity, and in order to include other cavities or spaces a second incision is needed. Through a single lateral thoracotomy, the surgeon may has adequate access into the organs of the abdominal cavity and to the retroperitoneal space through an incision of the diaphragm, or to the contralateral hemithorax through the mediastinum. Right phrenectomy can provide access to the dome of the liver, the kidney and the adrenal. Left thoracotomy can give access to the spleen, stomach, right adrenal and kidney. Limited concurrent trauma of the thorax and upper abdominal organs can be managed through a single thoracotomy. Thoracoabdominal incisions are highly demanding operations and are addressed for locally extended lesions.