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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://doi.org/10.1...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-...
Part of book or chapter of book . 2019 . Peer-reviewed
License: Springer TDM
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LWT-Based Audio Watermarking Using FWHT and SVD

Authors: Pranab Kumar Dhar; Tetsuya Shimamura;

LWT-Based Audio Watermarking Using FWHT and SVD

Abstract

This chapter introduces an LWT-based audio watermarking scheme using fast Walsh-Hadamard transform (FWHT) and singular value decomposition (SVD) [30]. Conventional wavelet transform provides good results for its multi-resolution characteristics and perfect reconstruction. However, it is mainly calculated by convolution operation, resulting in high computation. In addition, the generated floating numbers increase the storage requirements. As a result, the LWT is designed to increase the efficiency and it is now used in digital watermarking [27]. In our proposed method, watermark information is preprocessed first using a Bernoulli map in order to improve the robustness and enhance the confidentiality of the watermark. Then the original audio is segmented into nonoverlapping frames. Watermark information is embedded into the largest singular value of the FWHT coefficients obtained from the low-frequency LWT coefficients of each frame. A blind watermark detection technique is developed to identify the embedded watermark under various attacks. The main features of the proposed scheme are: (i) it utilizes the LWT, FWHT, and SVD jointly; (ii) it uses Bernoulli map, containing the chaotic characteristic to enhance the confidentiality of the proposed scheme; (iii) watermark extraction process is blind; (iv) subjective and objective evaluations reveal that the proposed scheme maintains high audio quality; and (v) it achieves a good trade-off among imperceptibility, robustness, and data payload. Experimental results indicate that the proposed watermarking scheme is highly robust against various attacks such as noise addition, cropping, re-sampling, re-quantization, and MP3 compression. Moreover, it outperforms state-of-the-art methods [9–10, 14–16, 20, 23, 26, 28] in terms of imperceptibility, robustness, and data payload. The data payload of the proposed scheme is 172.39 bps, which is relatively higher than that of the state-of-the-art methods.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
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