In this chapter we are primarily interested in how to assign a pecuniary value to personal injuries or deaths in connection with accidents. In all decisions where risks are included, one must in some way or another consider – i.e., assign a value to, the personal injuries and deaths. To simplify matters, only deaths will be considered here in detail. Other risks can be discussed in a similar way. The numbers of people who are killed or injured in different kinds of accidents have been discussed in other chapters of this book and will not therefore be discussed here.