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Fundamentals of Electrospray

Authors: Kenzo Hiraoka;

Fundamentals of Electrospray

Abstract

The electrospray (ES) process is the action of liquid dispersion into a fine aerosol, a phenomenon that takes place when a strong electric field is exerted on the liquid. The electrical atomization of liquids was first observed by George Bose in 1745 [1,2]. Rayleigh determined an instability criterion for charged liquid droplets in 1882 [3]. In 1917, Zeleny established a criterion for the instability of an electrified liquid at the end of a capillary tube [4].

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
5
Average
Average
Average
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