This chapter has sought to provide an overview of the issues related to animal welfare that should be taken into consideration when preparing a grant application or reporting on its progress. Multiple resources are available, i ncluding an excellent on-line tutorial available via the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) web site. While written primarily from the perspective of researchers focused on the NIAID mission, this tutorial is a comprehensive source of on-line information. For the website see: How To Write an Application Involving Research Animals – NIAID on-line tutorial (http://www.niaid.nih.gov/ncn/clinical/researchanimals/tutorial/index.htm).