The use of liposomal contrast agents for computed tomography (CT) imaging applications is considered. The properties of the various liposome types as well as methods for their preparation are discussed. Specific challenges for the preparation and use of CT contrast-carrying liposomes are outlined. Available experience on the use of CT liposomes for liver and spleen imaging in preclinical animal models and humans is reviewed. The use of surface-modified and conventional liposomes for CT blood-pool imaging is discussed in light of the published animal data. Finally, new trends in the use of CT liposomes are considered based on the limited data available to date.