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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao https://doi.org/10.1...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
https://doi.org/10.1007/1345_2...
Part of book or chapter of book . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
License: Springer TDM
Data sources: Crossref
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Computation of Zenith Total Delay Correction Fields Using Ground-Based GNSS

Authors: B. Pace; R. Pacione; C. Sciarretta; G. Bianco;

Computation of Zenith Total Delay Correction Fields Using Ground-Based GNSS

Abstract

Tropospheric refraction is one of the major error sources in satellite-based positioning. The delay of radio signals caused by the troposphere ranges from 2 m at the zenith to 20 m at low elevation angles, depending on pressure, temperature and humidity along the path of the signal transmission. If the delay is not properly modelled, positioning accuracy can degrade significantly. Empirical tropospheric models, with or without meteorological observations, are used to correct these delays but they cannot model tropospheric variations exactly since they are limited in accuracy and spatial resolution resulting in up to a few decimetres error in positioning solutions. The present availability of dense ground based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) networks and the state of the art GNSS processing techniques enable precise estimation of Zenith Tropospheric Delays (ZTD) with different latency ranging from Near Real-Time (NRT) to post-processing. We describe a method for computing ZTD correction fields interpolating, through Ordinary Kriging, the residuals between GNSS-derived and model-computed ZTD at continuously operating GNSS stations. At a known user location, the correction which is added to the modelled-ZTD value can be obtained through a bi-linear interpolation with the four nearest grid points surrounding it. The performance of the method has been evaluated over a 1-year period at 25 European stations belonging to the EUREF and IGS network. It is found that such an empirical tropospheric model can be improved when considering tropospheric corrections coming from ground based GNSS network.

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
8
Top 10%
Average
Average
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