Several potent and selective antagonists for tachykinin receptors are now available and appear as powerful tools to investigate the physiological and pathological roles of tachykinins and to identify the type of receptor involved in their effect. Indeed, a lot of studies have shown that tachykinin NK2 receptor antagonists (SR 48968, MEN 10627) are able to inhibit cough induced by citric acid, capsaicin or allergen challenge in the unanesthetized guinea-pig or mechanical stimulation of the trachea in the cat. The effects of tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonists are still debated, whereas an inhibitory effect of SR 142801, a tachykinin NK3 receptor antagonist, has been reported against citric acid-induced cough in the guinea-pig. Experiments with tachykinin receptor antagonists which do not cross the blood brain barrier suggest that the site of action of tachykinin receptor antagonists is most probably peripheral, but a central action, at least in an area not protected by the blood brain barrier, cannot be excluded. Finally, tachykinin NK2 receptor stimulation seems to be involved in sensitisation of cough reflex.