
The oriented chromatic number \(o(H)\) of an oriented graph (i.e. a digraph without opposite arcs) \(H\) is the minimum order of an oriented graph \(H'\) such that \(H\) has a homomorphism to \(H'\). In other words, \(o(H)\) is the minimum positive integer \(m\) such that there exists a proper (in usual sense) colouring \(f\) of \(V(H)\) with \(m\) colours with the additional property that \[ \forall v,w,u,z\in V(H) ((vw\in E(H) \& uz\in E(H) \& f(v)= f(z))\Rightarrow f(w)\neq f(u)). \] While deleting a vertex or an edge from a graph decreases its chromatic number by at most one, this is not true for the oriented chromatic number. Call an oriented graph \(H\) deeply critical if \(o(H)- o(H- (v,u))= 2\) for every \((v,u)\in E(H)\). The main result of the note is that there are infinitely many deeply critical graphs. For every positive integer \(k\), there exists a deeply critical graph \(G_k\) such that \(o(G_k)- o(G_k- v)\geq k\) for every \(v\in V(G_k)\).
colouring, Coloring of graphs and hypergraphs, oriented chromatic number, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Directed graphs (digraphs), tournaments, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Theoretical Computer Science
colouring, Coloring of graphs and hypergraphs, oriented chromatic number, Computational Theory and Mathematics, Directed graphs (digraphs), tournaments, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, Theoretical Computer Science
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 12 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Average |
