AbstractWith the development of social media and the ubiquity of the Internet, recent years have witnessed the rapid development of online video advertising among publishers and advertisers. Video advertising, as a new type of advertisement, has gained significant research attention from both academia and industry, coinciding with the ever‐growing volume of online videos. In this research, we provide a comprehensive survey of online video advertising in the fields of social science and computer science. We investigate state‐of‐the‐art articles from 1990 to the present and provide a new taxonomy of extant research topics based on these articles. We also highlight the factors that cause advertising to affect people and the most popular video advertising techniques used in computer science. Finally, on the basis of the analytics of the surveyed papers, future challenges are identified and potential solutions to these are discussed.This article is categorized under: Algorithmic Development > Multimedia Application Areas > Internet and Web‐Based Applications