
ABSTRACT Background African swine fever (ASF) is one of the deadliest swine diseases with haemorrhagic symptoms and a high mortality rate. Plant‐derived additives are potential antiviral agents against viruses due to their environmental and user‐friendly properties. Objectives This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of plant‐based additives (Phyto.A04 and Phyto.B) compared to an organic acid blend (OAB) in inactivating ASF virus (ASFV) in cell culture and feed. Methods ASFV‐spiked feed was treated with individual or combined additives such as OAB, Phyto.A04 and Phyto.B. The viability of ASFV after treatment of ASFV‐spiked feed with additives was then confirmed by both methods, real‐time PCR and cell culture. Results The results of the in vitro test with cell cultures showed that all three additives (OAB, Phyto.A04 and Phyto.B) exerted a strong virucidal effect on ASFV in porcine alveolar macrophage cells. OAB at a concentration of 0.3% reduced the virus concentration from 4.48 log 10 HAD 50 /mL after 1 day of treatment (day 1) to 3.29 log 10 HAD 50 /mL after 3 days of treatment (day 3) and remained undetected after 7 days of treatment (day 7). In Phyto.A04 with 1%, the virus was only detectable on day 1 (3.53 log 10 HAD 50 /mL). Phyto.B with 0.01% and 0.05% both showed good efficacy in completely inhibiting virus presence on days 3 and 7. Conclusions All additives, OAB, Phyto.A04 and Phyto.B, were able to inactivate ASFV in a dose‐dependent manner, as confirmed by cell culture and PCR methods. The combination of additives at different concentrations consistently improved the virucidal results.
natural product, Plant Extracts, Veterinary medicine, Sus scrofa, Phytochemicals, Hordeum, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Animal Feed, African Swine Fever Virus, Antiviral Agents, ASF, plant‐based additives, SF600-1100, Macrophages, Alveolar, antiviral activity, Glycyrrhiza, Animals, Original Article, Food Additives, ASFV, African Swine Fever
natural product, Plant Extracts, Veterinary medicine, Sus scrofa, Phytochemicals, Hordeum, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Animal Feed, African Swine Fever Virus, Antiviral Agents, ASF, plant‐based additives, SF600-1100, Macrophages, Alveolar, antiviral activity, Glycyrrhiza, Animals, Original Article, Food Additives, ASFV, African Swine Fever
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