AbstractVery recently, a novel bond‐additive topological descriptor named as the Mostar index has been proposed as a measure of peripherality in networks and graphs. In this article, we compute the Mostar index of generalized Hierarchical product, lexicographic product, Cartesian product, corona product, join, subdivision vertex‐edge join and Indu–Bala products of graphs and apply these results to determine the Mostar index of some types of nanostructures and chemical graphs. As an application, we give the explicit expressions for the Mostar index of various nanostructures and chemical graphs.