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Pest Management Science
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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PubMed Central
Article . 2025
License: CC BY
Data sources: PubMed Central
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Acaricidal activity of small molecule antagonists of the tick kinin receptor against Rhipicephalus microplus acaricide‐susceptible and resistant strains

Authors: Waleed M. Arafa; Kimberly H. Lohmeyer; Patricia V. Pietrantonio;

Acaricidal activity of small molecule antagonists of the tick kinin receptor against Rhipicephalus microplus acaricide‐susceptible and resistant strains

Abstract

Abstract BACKGROUND Resistance to acaricides underscores the need for tick control alternatives. We previously identified in a high‐throughput screen six small molecules SACC‐0412060, SACC‐0412062, SACC‐0412066, SACC‐0064443, SACC‐0428788, and SACC‐0039590 as antagonists of the kinin receptor from Rhipicephalus microplus . The acaricidal activity of these molecules was investigated. RESULTS The toxicities of adjuvant/solvent combinations of a rapeseed oil methyl ester or a propylene carbonate in 5% DMSO versus 5% DMSO alone were evaluated using a larval immersion test (LIT) with the R. microplus susceptible Deutch strain, and all were non‐toxic. The rapeseed oil methyl ester (1%) in 5% DMSO was adopted as the adjuvant for all molecules in bioassays. Permethrin (3.19 mM) killed all larvae. The Deutch strain mortality with SACC‐0039590 and SACC‐0428788 (both at 1 mM) was 100% and 73.65%, respectively, while ranged from 2.7% to 3.8% with the other small molecules. In the LIT, the LC 50 of SACC‐0039590 and SACC‐0428788 were 60 μM, and 450 μM, respectively. For the R. microplus Arauquita pyrethroid‐resistant strain in the LIT, the LC 50 of SACC‐0039590 and SACC‐0428788 were 60 μM and 237.5 μM respectively. SACC‐0039590 (N‐[2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)ethyl]‐5‐methylthieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐amine) and SACC‐0428788 (N‐[2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)ethyl]thieno[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐amine) are structural analogs, the first one featuring a 5‐methyl group absent in the second. For engorged Deutch females, immersion in SACC‐0039590 caused dose‐dependent reductions in egg mass weight (~35%) and egg hatching (21%–38.59%). Permethrin (3.19 mM) significantly reduced egg mass weight but not egg hatching. CONCLUSION The small molecule SACC‐0039590 killed susceptible and pyrethroid‐resistant larvae of R. microplus and reduced the reproductive output of females. © 2025 The Author(s). Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Keywords

Receptors, Biogenic Amine, Larva, Rhipicephalus, Drug Resistance, Animals, Acaricides, Research Article, Arthropod Proteins

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green
hybrid