Societal Impact Statement Crop wild relatives (CWR) in Zimbabwe are reservoirs of beneficial agronomic traits, yet they remain under‐documented and poorly conserved. This study developed Zimbabwe's first national CWR checklist based on a conceptual framework combining floristic, ecological, and ethnobotanical data, revealing over 2700 taxa, with nearly 1000 edible species integral to local livelihoods and global crop improvement. In the face of climate change and biodiversity loss, these plants offer locally adapted food sources and breeding material for climate‐resilient agriculture. This study provides a critical foundation for conservation and policy strategies to safeguard CWR and enhance food system resilience in Zimbabwe and beyond. Summary Crop wild relatives (CWR) are wild plant species genetically related to cultivated crops and are reservoirs of genetic diversity. Despite Zimbabwe's considerable plant biodiversity across five floristic regions, a comprehensive national inventory of its CWR has not previously been available. This study presents the first national CWR checklist for Zimbabwe. A conceptual framework combining floristic, ecological, and ethnobotanical data was applied to evaluate edible CWR in terms of documented taxonomy, uses, biogeographic status, extinction risk, breeding potential, and vernacular nomenclature. The assessment identified over 2746 CWR taxa belonging to 123 families and 401 genera and related to 251 cultivated crops. Edible CWR accounted for nearly 40% of taxa with recorded uses and spanned 53 families, with Orchidaceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Convolvulaceae, Lamiaceae and Euphorbiaceae being most represented. These taxa serve diverse dietary functions, including as vegetables, cereals, legumes, fruits, spices, oils and beverages. About 90% are native to Zimbabwe, with one third being floristic region specific. However, only 34% of edible CWR have undergone extinction risk assessment, and a mere 0.2% have documented traits of breeding value. Vernacular names in six local languages were recorded for 26% of edible taxa. The Eastern Highlands region emerged as a key biodiversity hotspot. The crucial documentation gaps are threat assessment and breeding use of CWR. The study highlights the underutilized potential of Zimbabwe's edible CWR for crop improvement and conservation. Strategic action is urgently needed to harness their socio‐economic value for food system resilience in Zimbabwe and beyond.