AbstractThe US healthcare system is plagued by unsustainable costs and yields suboptimal outcomes, indicating that new models of healthcare delivery are needed. The patient‐centered medical home is one model that is increasingly regarded as a promising strategy for improving healthcare quality, decreasing cost, and enhancing the experience of both patients and providers. Conceptually, the patient‐centered medical home may be described as combination of the core attributes of primary care—access, continuity, comprehensiveness, and coordination of care—with new approaches to healthcare delivery, including office practice innovations and reimbursement reform. Implementation efforts are gaining momentum across the country, fueled by both private‐payer initiatives as well as supportive public policy. High‐quality evidence on the effectiveness of the patient‐centered medical home is limited, but the data suggest that, under some circumstances, patient‐centered medical home interventions may lead to improved outcomes and generate moderate cost savings. Although the patient‐centered medical home enjoys broad support by multiple stakeholders, significant challenges to widespread adoption of the model remain.Mt Sinai J Med 79:433–450, 2012© 2012 Mount Sinai School of Medicine