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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Journal of Medical V...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
Journal of Medical Virology
Article . 2025 . Peer-reviewed
License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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A SARS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2 RBD Heterodimer Vaccine Candidate

Authors: Rong Zhang; Dedong Li; Pengyue Gao; Wenjing Ruan; Shitong Qiao; Senyu Xu; Lianpan Dai; +3 Authors

A SARS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2 RBD Heterodimer Vaccine Candidate

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe continuous evolution of SARS‐CoV‐2 through accumulating mutations, combined with the persistent risk of zoonotic sarbecovirus transmission events, highlights the critical demand for broadly protective vaccines. Building on our previous findings that a heterodimeric receptor‐binding domain (RBD) design substantially improves cross‐reactive immunogenicity in vaccine candidates, we propose this strategy as a foundation for developing pan‐sarbecovirus vaccines with cross‐neutralizing capacity against diverse and emerging variants. In this study, we developed a sarbecovirus immunogen, utilizing a heterodimeric strategy incorporating the RBDs from both SARS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2. Pseudovirus neutralization assays revealed that mice immunized with the SARS‐CoV‐2 prototype (PT)‐SARS‐CoV heterodimer (PT‐SARS) developed 39.9‐ to 305.6‐fold higher neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers against SARS‐CoV‐2 sub‐variants compared to the SARS‐CoV RBD homodimer (SARS‐SARS). Furthermore, PT‐SARS elicited 17.6‐ and 31.2‐fold enhanced neutralization against WIV1 and SARS‐CoV, respectively, relative to the SARS‐CoV‐2 PT homodimer (PT‐PT). To address evolving Omicron sub‐variants, we further updated BA.1‐SARS and BA.2‐SARS immunogens. Notably, BA.2‐SARS exhibited a 6.2‐fold increase in neutralizing potency against BA.2.86 compared to PT‐SARS. Crucially, the heterodimeric immunogen induced balanced and broadly reactive NAbs against multiple sarbecoviruses, including RaTG13, Pangolin GD, SARS‐CoV, and SARS‐CoV‐2 variants/sub‐variants, demonstrating its potential as a sarbecovirus immunogen candidate.

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Keywords

Mice, Inbred BALB C, COVID-19 Vaccines, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Cross Reactions, Antibodies, Viral, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Mice, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, Protein Domains, Neutralization Tests, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus, Animals, Humans, Female, Protein Multimerization

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
1
Average
Average
Average
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