AbstractThis article reports effects of surface preparation and contact loads on abrasive wear properties of highly aesthetic and high‐strength pressable lithium disilicate glass‐ceramics (LDGC). Abrasive wear testing was performed using a pin‐on‐disk device in which LDGC disks prepared with different surface finishes were against alumina pins at different contact loads. Coefficients of friction and wear volumes were measured as functions of initial surface finishes and contact loads. Wear‐induced surface morphology changes in both LDGC disks and alumina pins were characterized using three‐dimensional laser scanning microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The results show that initial surface finishes of LDGC specimens and contact loads significantly affected the friction coefficients, wear volumes and wear‐induced surface roughness changes of the material. Both wear volumes and friction coefficients of LDGC increased as the load increased while surface roughness effects were complicated. For rough LDGC surfaces, three‐body wear was dominant while for fine LDGC surfaces, two‐body abrasive wear played a key role. Delamination, plastic deformation, and brittle fracture were observed on worn LDGC surfaces. The adhesion of LDGC matrix materials to alumina pins was also discovered. This research has advanced our understanding of the abrasive wear behavior of LDGC and will provide guidelines for better utilization and preparation of the material for long‐term success in dental restorations. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 968–978, 2016.