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Human Brain Mapping
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
Data sources: Crossref
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PubMed Central
Other literature type . 2023
License: CC BY
Data sources: PubMed Central
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Human Brain Mapping
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
Article . 2022
License: CC BY NC SA
Data sources: Datacite
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Group‐level brain decoding with deep learning

Authors: Richard Csaky; Mats W. J. van Es; Oiwi Parker Jones; Mark Woolrich;

Group‐level brain decoding with deep learning

Abstract

AbstractDecoding brain imaging data are gaining popularity, with applications in brain‐computer interfaces and the study of neural representations. Decoding is typically subject‐specific and does not generalise well over subjects, due to high amounts of between subject variability. Techniques that overcome this will not only provide richer neuroscientific insights but also make it possible for group‐level models to outperform subject‐specific models. Here, we propose a method that uses subject embedding, analogous to word embedding in natural language processing, to learn and exploit the structure in between‐subject variability as part of a decoding model, our adaptation of the WaveNet architecture for classification. We apply this to magnetoencephalography data, where 15 subjects viewed 118 different images, with 30 examples per image; to classify images using the entire 1 s window following image presentation. We show that the combination of deep learning and subject embedding is crucial to closing the performance gap between subject‐ and group‐level decoding models. Importantly, group models outperform subject models on low‐accuracy subjects (although slightly impair high‐accuracy subjects) and can be helpful for initialising subject models. While we have not generally found group‐level models to perform better than subject‐level models, the performance of group modelling is expected to be even higher with bigger datasets. In order to provide physiological interpretation at the group level, we make use of permutation feature importance. This provides insights into the spatiotemporal and spectral information encoded in the models. All code is available on GitHub (https://github.com/ricsinaruto/MEG-group-decode).

Country
United Kingdom
Keywords

Signal Processing (eess.SP), FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Brain Mapping, Brain, Magnetoencephalography, Machine Learning (cs.LG), Deep Learning, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition, Brain-Computer Interfaces, FOS: Biological sciences, FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Humans, Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC), Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Research Articles

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
6
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold