ObjectiveFew studies have investigated the relationship between specific body measures and dementia.MethodsThree‐dimensional anthropometric body surface scanning data containing 38 body measures were collected from 6831 participants from the health examination department of a medical center in Taiwan during 2000 to 2008, and 236 dementia cases were identified during the 10‐year follow‐up. A multiple Cox regression analysis was performed.ResultsSpecific body measures, namely chest width (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.83–0.98), and right thigh circumference (HR = 0.93; 95% CI = 0.90–0.96), were protective predictors to dementia occurrence. Waist circumference (HR = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.02–1.05) was a risk factor in dementia occurrence. Among the combinations, dementia risk was higher in participants with a larger waist circumference and a smaller right thigh circumference, with the highest HR of 2.49 (95% CI = 1.54–4.03).ConclusionThe body measures provide clues for future applications and scientific merits in both clinical and preventive medicine.