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International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
Article . 2001 . Peer-reviewed
License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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A comparison of five clock scoring methods using ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis

Authors: J E, Storey; J T, Rowland; D, Basic; D A, Conforti;

A comparison of five clock scoring methods using ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve analysis

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the accuracy of five clock scoring methods for detecting dementia in English‐speaking patients.DesignA prospective cohort study.SettingA general geriatric outpatient clinic in southwest Sydney, Australia.ParticipantsA total of 127 consecutive new referrals to the clinic, of mean age 78.2 years.MeasurementsThe clock drawing test was conducted at the beginning of each clinic appointment by a blinded observer. Each patient was then assessed by a geriatrician, who collected demographic data, administered the modified Barthel index, the geriatric depression scale, and the Folstein Mini‐Mental State Examination, and categorised each patient as demented or not demented, according to DSM‐4 criteria. Each clock was scored according to the methods of Mendez, Shulman, Sunderland, Watson and Wolf‐Klein, and evaluated for reliability, and predictive accuracy, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsThe area under the ROC curve was largest for the Shulman (0.79, 95% CI 0.70–0.85) and Mendez (0.78, 95% CI 0.70–0.85) methods. Both predicted dementia more accurately than the Sunderland (area = 0.71) and Watson (area = 0.65) methods (p < 0.05). The inter‐rater (0.81–0.93) and intra‐rater (0.87–0.96) correlation coefficients were high for all five methods.ConclusionsWhile substantial differences among the clock scoring methods were evident in our sample, the accuracy of each was modest at best. Unless further studies in relevant settings suggest otherwise, we caution on the use of clock drawing alone to screen for dementia. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Keywords

Male, Observer Variation, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Neuropsychological Tests, Cognition, ROC Curve, Predictive Value of Tests, Humans, Mass Screening, Dementia, Female, Aged

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
63
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
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