Malan loess possesses unfavourable engineering mechanical properties that may vary depending on the geological context in which it exists. In the context of roadbed loading, the structural characteristics of the loess roadbed often result in uneven settlement, which significantly impacts transportation safety. To investigate the dynamic behaviour of loess under the influence of vehicle loading, groups of dynamic rebound modulus tests were conducted using a dynamic triaxial apparatus. Three key aspects are highlighted: compaction degree, moisture content and stress state. The results reveal that the dynamic rebound modulus of loess tends to increase with higher compaction degrees, decrease with increased moisture content and rise under greater confining pressure. For Maran loess, the water content has the greatest influence on its physical and mechanical properties. Under conditions of a confining pressure of 60 kPa and a deviatoric stress of 30 kPa, as the moisture content increased from w = 9% to w = 18%, the minimum dynamic rebound modulus decreased by 63%.