ABSTRACT A taxonomic revision of Bambusa in Thailand is presented, recognizing ten native species and one naturalized species, based on field observations, herbarium studies and a current generic circumscription. Two species, B. pulcherrima and B . ripa , are described as new to science from restricted localities in Thailand and Laos. Updated nomenclatural treatments, including lectotypifications, are provided. An identification key, detailed species descriptions, distributional and ecological notes, and IUCN conservation assessments are included. This revision refines species delimitation in Thai Bambusa and enhances understanding of the genus in mainland Southeast Asia.