AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore the eating behaviour in people with a specific phobia of vomiting (SPOV), and whether those identified as restricting their food had a greater degree of psychopathology and impairment than those who do not restrict their food.MethodWe recruited 94 participants with SPOV. They were divided into those who reported restricting their food (SPOV‐R) (n = 32) because of fear of vomiting and those who did not restrict their food (SPOV‐NR) (n = 62).ResultsPeople with SPOV frequently have abnormal eating behaviours to reduce the perceived risk of vomiting. Only 3.7% had a body mass index (BMI) of less than 17.5, and 8.5% had a BMI of less than 18.5. The SPOV‐R group had significantly higher frequency of psychopathology and abnormal eating behaviours than the SPOV‐NR group.DiscussionAbnormal eating behaviour, BMI, and the degree of food restriction are important factors in the assessment of SPOV. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.