ABSTRACT A large‐span atrium‐type subway station structure (LASS) using Y‐shaped cast steel combined with steel tubular columns (YSTC) as the support system (Y‐LASS) was proposed and applied. Departing from the traditional medium plate structure, the LASS adopts an innovation space system that combines the platform floor and hall floor to achieve a large space architectural effect for subway station. To evaluate the seismic performance of the LASS, the bearing capacity and yield process of the YSTC were analyzed through quasi‐static tests, while the seismic response was studied through shaking table tests. The results indicate that the Y‐LASS exhibits superior seismic performance. When the inter‐story drift angle achieved 1/50 during repeated loading, the YSTC began to yield from its bottom portion; As horizontal lateral displacement increased, no reduction in the structural bearing capacity was observed, but the stress at the weld between Y‐shaped cast steel and steel pipe column was close to the yield stress. Under the seismic action, the maximum strain of the YSTC appeared in the middle of the lower column and was higher than the side wall, where the seismic resilience needed to be strengthened. As the burial depth reduces, the seismic response of the rest of the station structure intensifies. The results offer valuable insights and practical guidance for the reasonable design and structural safety assessment of similar subway station structures.