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Ecology and Evolution
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Other literature type . 2023
License: CC BY
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UiS Brage
Article . 2023
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Mimicking orchids lure bees from afar with exaggerated ultraviolet signals

Authors: Daniela Scaccabarozzi; Klaus Lunau; Lorenzo Guzzetti; Salvatore Cozzolino; Adrian G. Dyer; Nicola Tommasi; Paolo Biella; +6 Authors

Mimicking orchids lure bees from afar with exaggerated ultraviolet signals

Abstract

Abstract Flowers have many traits to appeal to pollinators, including ultraviolet (UV) absorbing markings, which are well‐known for attracting bees at close proximity (e.g., <1 m). While striking UV signals have been thought to attract pollinators also from far away, if these signals impact the plant pollinia removal over distance remains unknown. Here, we report the case of the Australian orchid Diuris brumalis , a nonrewarding species, pollinated by bees via mimicry of the rewarding pea plant Daviesia decurrens . When distant from the pea plant, Diuris was hypothesized to enhance pollinator attraction by exaggeratedly mimicking the floral ultraviolet (UV) reflecting patterns of its model. By experimentally modulating floral UV reflectance with a UV screening solution, we quantified the orchid pollinia removal at a variable distance from the model pea plants. We demonstrate that the deceptive orchid Diuris attracts bee pollinators by emphasizing the visual stimuli, which mimic the floral UV signaling of the rewarding model Daviesia . Moreover, the exaggerated UV reflectance of Diuris flowers impacted pollinators' visitation at an optimal distance from Da. decurrens , and the effect decreased when orchids were too close or too far away from the model. Our findings support the hypothesis that salient UV flower signaling plays a functional role in visual floral mimicry, likely exploiting perceptual gaps in bee neural coding, and mediates the plant pollinia removal at much greater spatial scales than previously expected. The ruse works most effectively at an optimal distance of several meters revealing the importance of salient visual stimuli when mimicry is imperfect.

Countries
Italy, Norway
Keywords

bee sensory ecology; ecological interactions; flower attraction; food deception; orchid floral mimicry; pollination success; salient stimuli; ultraviolet reflectance; visual food deception;, pollinering, bee sensory ecology; ecological interactions; flower attraction; food deception; orchid floral mimicry; pollination success; salient stimuli; ultraviolet reflectance; visual food deception, ultraviolet reflectance, ecological interactions, visual food deception, VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Basale biofag: 470, food deception, flower attraction, orchid floral mimicry, salient stimuli, bier, bee sensory ecology, pollination success, Research Articles

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    popularity
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    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
11
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold