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image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Drug Testing and Ana...arrow_drop_down
image/svg+xml Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao Closed Access logo, derived from PLoS Open Access logo. This version with transparent background. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Closed_Access_logo_transparent.svg Jakob Voss, based on art designer at PLoS, modified by Wikipedia users Nina and Beao
Drug Testing and Analysis
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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δ13C values of urinary 19‐norandrosterone in antidoping samples and potential for adverse findings from boar offal consumption

Authors: Vinod S. Nair; John D. Howa; Matthew S. Morrison; Lacey Beggs; Thane Campbell; Matthew Fedoruk; Brian Ahrens; +1 Authors

δ13C values of urinary 19‐norandrosterone in antidoping samples and potential for adverse findings from boar offal consumption

Abstract

Abstract19‐Norandrosterone (19NA) is the preferred urinary target compound to identify doping with nandrolone or related 19‐norsteroids. At concentrations between 2.5 and 15 ng/mL, isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) is required to establish exogenous origin of urinary 19NA. An absolute difference of 3‰ between urinary 19NA and an endogenous reference compound (ERC) constitutes a finding for exogenous origin of 19NA. Over the last 3 years, 77 samples containing urinary 19NA between 2.5 and 15 ng/mL were analyzed at our laboratory. The measured δ13C values for 19NA ranged from −29.5‰ to −16.8‰. In comparison, the δ13C values for the corresponding urinary ERCs ranged from −22.4‰ to −16.2‰. Due to the considerable overlap in values between the target compound and the natural range of urinary ERCs, it can be challenging to distinguish between endogenous and exogenous origins of urinary 19NA. In addition, it is well known that consumption of offal from non‐castrated pigs can produce 19NA in urine. To determine whether this could cause a positive IRMS finding under the current IRMS positivity criteria, meat from non‐castrated boars fed a mixture of corn and soy was consumed by 13 volunteers. Two volunteers produced 19NA findings above 2.5 ng/mL, and the measured isotope values, while inconsistent with documented 19‐norsteroid preparations, did meet IRMS positivity criteria. However, these increases in 19NA urinary concentrations were short‐lived due to rapid elimination. Timely follow‐up collections may help support a claim for dietary exposure when low urinary concentrations of 19NA with pseudo‐endogenous isotope values are observed.

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Keywords

Male, Carbon Isotopes, Meat, Swine, Estranes, Humans, Animals, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
5
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
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